Rounding off numbers
Back in grade school (Third Grade if I can remember it correctly), rounding off a number which is exactly in between (halfway) follows the “nearest even rule”. Rounding off 0.5 and 1.5 to their nearest units digit gives:
2.5 -> 2
3.5 -> 4
After that, perhaps in high school, a new rule was presented and applied, numbers exactly in between should always be rounded up
2.5 -> 3
3.5 -> 4
Since then, until college, the “halfway always rounds up” rule was always applied. When my officemate asked me a basic question about the Round function, I was able to dig up issues on rounding numbers in the public newsgroups. I discovered that the
nearest even rule is actually the
Banker’s Rounding as they call it, which is a standard for rounding off numbers (since statistically, it gives a better balanced approximation). The other one, which engineers are familiar with is the
Arithmetic Rounding. In programming (particularly in .NET), the Banker’s Rounding is in effect and if one needs the Arithmetic Rounding, one should implement their own custom function. I also found out that MS Excel is using Arithmetic Rounding by default.
Reference:
MSDN KB on Rounding